{"id":2183,"date":"2014-12-12T18:42:22","date_gmt":"2014-12-12T10:42:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.writtenchinese.com\/?p=2183"},"modified":"2022-06-03T22:03:38","modified_gmt":"2022-06-03T14:03:38","slug":"weighing-chinese-measure-words","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.writtenchinese.com\/weighing-chinese-measure-words\/","title":{"rendered":"Weighing Up Chinese Measure Words"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

There\u2019s been one area of my Chinese studying that I\u2019ve found pretty confusing, at times quite annoying, but inevitably (once the penny dropped) rather interesting. For me, Chinese measure words became an added challenge when learning an already intriguing language. But it has to be said, they are an essential part of learning Mandarin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As always, I had questions, confrontation and somewhat reluctant acceptance until I realized it was never that bad to begin with (you may have noticed a theme in my writing).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Luckily, like many aspects of Chinese, there are rules! This makes it much easier to remember which measure word to use when referring to a noun, although I had to admit there are some amusingly tricky ones (see the measure word for ‘shark’ below).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Why do I need to measure anything?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Firstly, what do we have to ‘measure’ in Chinese? A measure word or classifier is used before a noun to indicate which ‘class’ a noun belongs to.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So, I have a\/an = \u4e00\u4e2a<\/a> (y\u012b g\u00e8).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Simple.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Well no, not quite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are also measure word for flat things, skinny things, small animals, big animals, and to confuse things a little more, horses have their OWN measure word\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If measure words are getting a little heavy for you, here\u2019s my whistle-stop guide to Chinese measure words to help you lose some worry weight and be on your merry way!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Size, Length and Shape Measure Words<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Let’s first take a look at measure words that are used with objects based on shape:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f20<\/a> (zh\u0101ng) is the classifier for flat sheets such as paper \u7eb8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

‘\u4e00\u5f20’\u7eb8\u5dfe<\/a> (y\u00ec zh\u0101ng zh\u01d0 j\u012bn) is ‘a piece’ (or sheet) of tissue paper.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, if you want a whole pack of tissues you need to say ‘\u4e00\u5305’ \u7eb8\u5dfe<\/a> (y\u00ec b\u0101o zh\u01d0 j\u012bn) ‘a packet’ of tissues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f20<\/a> (zh\u0101ng) does not extend to books, which have their own classifier, \u672c<\/a> (b\u011bn).  For example, ‘\u4e00\u672c’ \u4e66<\/a> means ‘a’ book.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672c<\/a> (b\u011bn) is also used for files and periodicals. There’s a cool connection between books and \u672c (b\u011bn) because its meaning is ‘root’ (root, tree, paper, book, get it?).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the past, I\u2019ve gotten rather irritable over \u5f20 (zh\u0101ng), because although it’s a measure word for flat objects, if it’s long and flat (oh er!), apparently the \u2018long\u2019 classifier is given preference (yes, the pun continued).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Long and narrow things are given the classifier \u6761<\/a> (ti\u00e1o).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example, ‘\u4e00\u6761’ \u9886\u5e26<\/a> (y\u012b ti\u00e1o l\u01d0ng d\u00e0i) is ‘a tie’. Amusingly enough, sharks and fish are also measured using \u6761 (ti\u00e1o) as in ‘\u4e00\u6761’ \u9ca8\u9c7c<\/a> (y\u012b ti\u00e1o sh\u0101 y\u00fa) ‘a’ shark, although personally, I\u2019m glad I\u2019m not the one measuring sharks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u6761 (ti\u00e1o) also means ‘strip’ or ‘item’, as in \u9762\u6761<\/a> (mi\u00e0n ti\u00e1o) meaning noodles ‘flour strips’.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Animal Measure Words<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Big animals such as ‘an’ elephant \u4e00\u5934\u5927\u8c61<\/a> (y\u012b t\u00f3u d\u00e0 xi\u00e0ng), ‘a’ cow \u4e00\u5934\u725b<\/a> (y\u012b t\u00f3u ni\u00fa) and ‘a’ giraffe \u4e00\u5934\u957f\u9888\u9e7f<\/a> (y\u012b t\u00f3u ch\u00e1ng j\u01d0ng l\u00f9) are measured using the character \u5934 <\/a>(t\u00f3u).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But small animals and birds are measured using \u53ea<\/a> (zh\u012b). For example, ‘\u4e00\u53ea’ \u9f9f<\/a> (y\u00ec zh\u012b gu\u012b) is ‘a’ turtle and ‘\u4e00\u53ea’ \u4f01\u9e45<\/a> (y\u00ec zh\u012b q\u01d0 \u00e9) is ‘a’ penguin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Horses and other horsey looking animal such as mules, randomly have their own measure word \u5339<\/a> (p\u01d0). History suggests the measure word was meant to reflect the relationship between the horse and man.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quantity Measure Words<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u53ea (zh\u012b) is also used to indicate something is ‘1 of a pair’.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Clumsy people can use ‘\u4e00\u53ea’ \u7b77\u5b50<\/a> (y\u00ec zh\u012b ku\u00e0i zi) for 1 chopstick, pirates can say ‘\u4e00\u53ea’ \u773c\u775b<\/a> (y\u00ec zh\u012b y\u01cen jing) for ‘1 eye’.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When talking about a pair of something we use the measure word \u53cc<\/a> (shu\u0101ng). ‘A pair’ of hands are ‘\u53cc’ \u624b<\/a> (shu\u0101ng sh\u01d2u), but unlike in English, you DO NOT say ‘\u53cc’ \u88e4\u5b50 (shu\u0101ng k\u00f9 zi) for a pair of trousers or pants, depending on whose side you\u2019re on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Clothes Measure Words<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Go back to \u6761 (ti\u00e1o), the measurer of all things long and narrow for ‘\u4e00\u6761’ \u88e4\u5b50<\/a> (y\u012b ti\u00e1o k\u00f9 zi) which, unless you enjoy wearing bell bottom-ed flairs, works well enough.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u4ef6 <\/a>(ji\u00e0n) is the measure word for clothes that are not straight and narrow and don\u2019t come in twos. All you\u2019re left with is sweater ‘\u4e00\u4ef6’ \u6bdb\u8863<\/a> (y\u012b ji\u00e0n m\u00e1o y\u012b), swimsuit ‘\u4e00\u4ef6’ \u6cf3\u8863<\/a> (y\u012b ji\u00e0n y\u01d2ng y\u012b), and shirt ‘\u4e00\u4ef6’ \u886c\u886b<\/a> (y\u012b ji\u00e0n ch\u00e8n sh\u0101n).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Buildings and Place Measure Words<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u6240<\/a> (su\u01d2) is used for institutions for example, ‘\u4e00\u6240’ \u533b\u9662<\/a> (y\u00ec su\u01d2 y\u012b yu\u00e0n) ‘a’ hospital and ‘\u4e00\u6240’ \u5b66\u6821<\/a> (y\u00ec su\u01d2 xu\u00e9 xi\u00e0o) is ‘a’ school.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

However, \u5bb6<\/a> (ji\u0101) is the measure word used when talking about businesses and homes. For example, ‘\u4e00\u5bb6’ \u9152\u5e97<\/a> (y\u00ec ji\u0101 ji\u01d4 di\u00e0n) for ‘a’ hotel and ‘\u4e00\u5bb6’ \u9910\u9986<\/a> (y\u00ec ji\u0101 c\u0101n gu\u01cen) is ‘a’ restaurant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Food and Drink Measure Words<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

When you\u2019re in the restaurant, you can use the measure word \u4efd<\/a> (f\u00e8n) for a \u2018batch\u2019 of something such as \u4e00\u4efd\u997a\u5b50<\/a> (y\u012b f\u00e8n ji\u01ceo zi) for ‘some’ dumplings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

An essential measure word to know is \u74f6<\/a> (p\u00edng) for when buying a bottle of wine \u4e00\u74f6\u7ea2\u8461\u8404\u9152<\/a> (y\u012b p\u00edng h\u00f3ng p\u00fa tao ji\u01d4) or ordering beers \u4e94\u74f6\u5564\u9152<\/a> (w\u01d4 p\u00edng p\u00ed ji\u01d4).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you\u2019re visiting \u661f\u5df4\u514b<\/a> (x\u012bng b\u0101 k\u00e8) Starbucks and want a skinny vanilla latte with no cream you can use the measure word \u676f<\/a> (b\u0113i). This character is also the noun \u2018cup\u2019, \u676f\u5b50<\/a> (b\u0113i zi).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Time Measure Words<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The last example is \u6b21<\/a> (c\u00ec) used to indicate \u2018time\u2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0b\u6b21<\/a> (xi\u00e0 c\u00ec) means ‘next’ time, \u4e0a\u6b21<\/a> (sh\u00e0ng c\u00ec) is ‘last’ time. You can combine \u6b21 (c\u00ec) with many different verbs just as in English. \u6bcf\u6b21<\/a> (m\u011bi c\u00ec) ‘every’ time and \u8fd9\u6b21<\/a> (zh\u00e8 c\u00ec) ‘this’ time or now.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Finding Measure Words<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Measure words are not the most difficult thing to learn and although there are rules, there are often exceptions that you need to be aware of. Otherwise, they\u2019re gonna stick a foot out and trip you up.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When you search for nouns in the Online Dictionary<\/a>, you will now see a section on the right-hand side with all the measure words for that noun! <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

There\u2019s been one area of my Chinese studying that I\u2019ve found pretty confusing, at times quite annoying, but inevitably (once the penny dropped) rather interesting. For me, Chinese measure words became an added challenge when learning an already intriguing language. But it has to be said, they are an essential part of learning Mandarin. As… Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8369,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[142,3],"tags":[259,177,157],"class_list":["use-editor no-single","post-2183","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-learner-tips","tag-beginners","tag-chinese-language","tag-flashcards"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWeighing Up Chinese Measure Words - Written Chinese<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Are you having problems learning Chinese measure words? 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