{"id":8670,"date":"2018-06-15T13:04:57","date_gmt":"2018-06-15T05:04:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.writtenchinese.com\/?p=8670"},"modified":"2022-08-30T16:25:23","modified_gmt":"2022-08-30T08:25:23","slug":"expressing-ongoing-actions-with-zheng-zai-and-zhengzai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.writtenchinese.com\/expressing-ongoing-actions-with-zheng-zai-and-zhengzai\/","title":{"rendered":"Expressing Ongoing Actions With \u6b63, \u5728 and \u6b63\u5728"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u6b63<\/span><\/a> (zh\u00e8ng), <\/span>\u5728<\/span><\/a> (z\u00e0i) and <\/span>\u6b63\u5728<\/span><\/a> (<\/span>zh\u00e8ng<\/span> z\u00e0i)<\/span> are often associated with expressing an \u2018ongoing\u2019 action, but what\u2019s the difference between these three and how do you use them properly?<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Learn some sentence patterns with example sentences to help you understand how to express ongoing actions in Chinese!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

An Introduction to \u6b63, \u5728 and \u6b63\u5728<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63<\/span><\/a> (zh\u00e8ng), <\/span>\u5728<\/span><\/a> (z\u00e0i) and <\/span>\u6b63\u5728<\/span><\/a> (<\/span>zh\u00e8ng<\/span> z\u00e0i)<\/span> are used before a verb in a sentence to indicate that an action is ongoing. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Subject + \u6b63 \/ \u5728 \/ \u6b63\u5728 + verb<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

There are several other ways to suggest the continuation of an action including <\/span>\u7740<\/span><\/a> (zhe) that is used after a verb and \u5462<\/a> (ne), a particle used at the end of a sentence. \u7740 (zhe) and \u5462 (ne) can be used by themselves in a sentence, but are also found together.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Subject + \u6b63 + verb + \u7740 + Object + \u5462<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u6b63\u7b49\u7740\u6211 (\u5462)<\/span><\/a>\u3002(w\u01d2 de p\u00e9ng you <\/span>zh\u00e8ng <\/span>d\u011bng zhe w\u01d2 (ne)) <\/span>My friend is waiting for me.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Subject + \u5728 + verb + \u5462<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5979\u5728\u5199\u4f5c\u4e1a (\u5462)<\/span><\/a>\u3002(<\/span>t\u0101 <\/span>z\u00e0i <\/span>xi\u011b<\/span> zu\u00f2 y\u00e8 (ne)) <\/span>She is doing homework.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Subject + \u6b63\u5728 + verb + \u7740 + Object + \u5462<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7237\u7237\u6b63\u5728\u770b (\u7740) \u7535\u89c6 (\u5462)<\/span><\/a>\u3002(<\/span>y\u00e9<\/span> ye <\/span>zh\u00e8ng<\/span> z\u00e0i k\u00e0n (zhe) di\u00e0n<\/span> sh\u00ec (ne)) <\/span>Grandfather is watching TV.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In some situations they can replace each other interchangeably:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u5988\u6b63\u770b\u7740\u6211\u5462<\/span><\/a>\u3002(w\u01d2 <\/span>d\u01ce<\/span> di\u00e0n<\/span> hu\u00e0 <\/span>de <\/span>sh\u00ed<\/span> h\u00f2u, <\/span>w\u01d2 <\/span>m\u0101 <\/span>zh\u00e8ng k\u00e0n zhe <\/span>w\u01d2 ne)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u5988\u5728\u770b\u7740\u6211\u5462<\/span><\/a>\u3002(w\u01d2 <\/span>d\u01ce<\/span> di\u00e0n<\/span> hu\u00e0 <\/span>de <\/span>sh\u00ed<\/span> h\u00f2u, <\/span>w\u01d2 <\/span>m\u0101 <\/span>z\u00e0i k\u00e0n zhe <\/span>w\u01d2 ne)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u5417\u6b63\u5728\u770b\u7740\u5462<\/span><\/a>\u3002(w\u01d2 <\/span>d\u01ce<\/span> di\u00e0n<\/span> hu\u00e0 <\/span>de <\/span>sh\u00ed<\/span> h\u00f2u, <\/span>w\u01d2 <\/span>m\u0101 <\/span>zh\u00e8ng z\u00e0i k\u00e0n zhe<\/span> ne)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

My mom is looking at me when I am on the call.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Differences Between \u6b63, \u5728 and \u6b63\u5728<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The difference between \u6b63, \u5728 and \u6b63\u5728 in meaning:<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u6b63 (zh\u00e8ng) emphasizes <\/span>the time<\/b> of an ongoing action.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728 (<\/span>z\u00e0i)<\/span> emphasizes <\/span>the status<\/b> of an ongoing action.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63\u5728 (<\/span>zh\u00e8ng z\u00e0i)<\/span> focuses on <\/span>both time and status<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The difference between \u6b63, \u5728 and \u6b63\u5728 in structure: <\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63 (zh\u00e8ng)<\/b><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Generally, \u6b63 (zh\u00e8ng) is not used with a normal verb, but can be used within the following sentence pattern: <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u6b63 + verb + \u7740\/\u5462\/\u7740\u5462. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u60f3\u3002\u00d7<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u60f3\u7740\u5462<\/span><\/a>\u3002 \u221a (<\/span>w\u01d2<\/span> men <\/span>zh\u00e8ng <\/span>xi\u01ceng zhe ne)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

We are thinking.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728 (z\u00e0i) and \u6b63\u5728 (zh\u00e8ng z\u00e0i) do not have this limitation and can be used in the following ways:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u60f3<\/span><\/a>\u3002\u221a  (<\/span>w\u01d2<\/span> men <\/span>z\u00e0i <\/span>xi\u01ceng)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u60f3<\/span><\/a>\u3002\u221a (<\/span>w\u01d2<\/span> men <\/span>zh\u00e8ng<\/span> z\u00e0i <\/span>xi\u01ceng)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

We are thinking.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

If there is no \u7740 (zhe) or \u5462 (ne) used in the sentence, the verb should be a trending verb, or there should be an object after the verb. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u60f3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898<\/span><\/a>\u3002(<\/span>w\u01d2<\/span> men <\/span>xi\u00e0n<\/span> z\u00e0i zh\u00e8ng <\/span>xi\u01ceng <\/span>zh\u00e8<\/span> ge <\/span>w\u00e8n<\/span> t\u00ed) <\/span>We are thinking about the problem now.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5979\u6b63\u8d70\u8fc7\u6765<\/span><\/a>\u3002(<\/span>t\u0101 <\/span>zh\u00e8ng <\/span>z\u01d2u<\/span> gu\u00f2 l\u00e1i) <\/span>She is walking over.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728 (z\u00e0i)<\/b><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

The preposition <\/span>\u4ece<\/span><\/a> (<\/span>c\u00f3ng)<\/span> (meaning \u2018from\u2019) can not used after \u5728 (z\u00e0i). <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u5728\u4ece\u51b0\u7bb1\u91cc\u62ff\u51fa\u4e00\u7f50\u5564\u9152\u3002\u00d7<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

However, neither \u6b63 (<\/span>zh\u00e8ng)<\/span> nor \u6b63\u5728 (<\/span>zh\u00e8ng<\/span> z\u00e0i)<\/span> have this issue and can be used with \u4ece (<\/span>c\u00f3ng)<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u6b63\u4ece\u51b0\u7bb1\u91cc\u62ff\u51fa\u4e00\u7f50\u5564\u9152<\/span><\/a>\u3002\u221a (t\u0101 <\/span>zh\u00e8ng <\/span>c\u00f3ng <\/span>b\u012bng<\/span> xi\u0101ng <\/span>l\u01d0 <\/span>n\u00e1<\/span> ch\u016b y\u012b <\/span>gu\u00e0n p\u00ed ji\u01d4)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u6b63\u5728\u4ece\u51b0\u7bb1\u91cc\u62ff\u51fa\u4e00\u7f50\u5564\u9152<\/span><\/a>\u3002\u221a (t\u0101 <\/span>zh\u00e8ng<\/span> z\u00e0i <\/span>c\u00f3ng <\/span>b\u012bng<\/span> xi\u0101ng <\/span>l\u01d0 <\/span>n\u00e1<\/span> ch\u016b y\u012b <\/span>gu\u00e0n p\u00ed ji\u01d4)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

He is taking a can of beer from the fridge<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728 (<\/span>z\u00e0i)<\/span> can be used to express a repeated or ongoing action or a situation that has continued for a long time. In this example, an adverb must come beforehand in the sentence, such as <\/span>\u53c8<\/span><\/a> (<\/span>y\u00f2u)<\/span>, <\/span>\u4e00\u76f4<\/span><\/a> (<\/span>y\u012b<\/span> zh\u00ed)<\/span> and <\/span>\u603b<\/span><\/a> (z\u01d2ng). This rule does not extend to \u6b63 (<\/span>zh\u00e8ng)<\/span> and \u6b63\u5728 (zh\u00e8ng z\u00e0i).<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u7b49\u4f60<\/span><\/a>\u3002\u221a (w\u01d2 <\/span>y\u012b<\/span> zh\u00ed <\/span>z\u00e0i <\/span>d\u011bng n\u01d0) <\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u6b63\u7b49\u4f60\u3002\u00d7<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u6b63\u5728\u7b49\u4f60\u3002\u00d7<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

I am always waiting for you.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Different usage in negation<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5728 (<\/span>z\u00e0i)<\/span> can be used with both <\/span>\u4e0d<\/span><\/a> (b\u00f9) and <\/span>\u6ca1\u6709<\/span><\/a> (<\/span>m\u00e9i<\/span> y\u01d2u)<\/span> for negation.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

Subject + \u4e0d \/ \u6ca1\u6709 \uff0b \u5728 + Object<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

For example:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u4e0d\u5728\u6253\u7403<\/span><\/a>\u3002 (<\/span>t\u0101 <\/span>b\u00f9<\/span> z\u00e0i <\/span>d\u01ce<\/span> qi\u00fa)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u6253\u7403<\/span><\/a>\u3002(<\/span>t\u0101 <\/span>m\u00e9i<\/span> y\u01d2u <\/span>z\u00e0i <\/span>d\u01ce<\/span> qi\u00fa)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

He is not playing basketball.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6b63\u5728 (<\/span>zh\u00e8ng<\/span> z\u00e0i)<\/span> uses <\/span>\u4e0d\u662f<\/span><\/a> (<\/span>b\u00fa<\/span> sh\u00ec)<\/span> to negate, but can not use \u4e0d (b\u00f9) and \u6ca1\u6709 (<\/span>m\u00e9i<\/span> y\u01d2u)<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The following sentence uses \u6b63\u5728 (<\/span>zh\u00e8ng<\/span> z\u00e0i)<\/span> and the negation follows:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u5403\u996d\u5427<\/span><\/a>\u3002 (<\/span>t\u0101 <\/span>l\u00e1i <\/span>de <\/span>sh\u00ed<\/span> h\u00f2u, <\/span>n\u01d0 <\/span>zh\u00e8ng<\/span> z\u00e0i ch\u012b f\u00e0n ba) You were eating when he came.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5403\u996d\uff0c\u90a3\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u5403\u996d\u4e86<\/span><\/a>\u3002 (w\u01d2 <\/span>b\u00fa<\/span> sh\u00ec z\u00e0i ch\u012b f\u00e0n, n\u00e0<\/span> sh\u00ed<\/span> hou <\/span>w\u01d2 y\u01d0<\/span> j\u012bng <\/span>ch\u012b f\u00e0n le)<\/span> I wasn’t eating, by then I had already finished.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

If you have any questions or comments about expressing ongoing actions, please leave them below!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6b63 (zh\u00e8ng), \u5728 (z\u00e0i) and \u6b63\u5728 (zh\u00e8ng z\u00e0i) are often associated with expressing an \u2018ongoing\u2019 action, but what\u2019s the difference between these three and how do you use them properly? Learn some sentence patterns with example sentences to help you understand how to express ongoing actions in Chinese! An Introduction to \u6b63, \u5728 and \u6b63\u5728… Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8672,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[142,3],"tags":[233,345],"class_list":["use-editor no-single","post-8670","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-learner-tips","tag-grammar","tag-intermediate"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nExpressing Ongoing Actions With \u6b63 zheng, \u5728 zai and \u6b63\u5728 zhengzai<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to say that an action is 'ongoing' in Chinese using \u6b63 zheng, \u5728 zai and \u6b63\u5728 zhengzai. 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